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莫永杰¹  ,  徐啸川²

 

( 1 .  中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 ，广西 桂林 541004 ;

2.  中国地质大学（武汉） 工程学院 ，湖北 武汉 430074)

摘   要 ：堤坝水位的快速降低可能会导致堤坝渗流发生变化，这是由于堤身内部高孔隙水压力，从而影响堤坝的稳定性。孔隙水压力的消散在很大程度上受筑堤方式的影响。通过大型室内模型试验，研究吹填 、碾压筑堤在水位速降下的孔隙水压力变化 、水土总压力变化以及坡面位移演化规律。结果表明：水位速降条件下吹填筑堤稳定性优于碾压筑堤；在水位上升阶段，孔隙水压力平衡后碾压筑堤的孔隙水压力高于吹填筑堤；水位  速降时吹填筑堤的孔隙水压力消散速度比碾压筑堤慢，并且孔隙水压力的变化在水土总压力变化中占主导地位； 渗流边界的变化，导致坝体内外形成压力差，是导致坝体发生失稳的主要因素；孔隙水压消散速度是导致吹填筑堤与碾压筑堤变形不同的主要原因。研究成果可为水位速降下堤坝治理提供一定参考。

关键词：水位速降 ；堤坝工程 ；模型试验 ；孔隙水压力 ；稳定性

中图分类号：TV871            

文献标志码：A           

文章编号： 1005- 8249   (2024)  06- 0048- 07 

DOI:10. 19860/j.cnki.issn1005 - 8249.2024.06.009

 

MO Yongjie¹  ,  XU Xiaochuan²

(1 . China Nonferrous Metals  (Guilin)  Geology and Mining Co. ，Ltd. ，Guilin 541004 ,  China;

2. Faculty of Engineering ,  China University of Geosciences  (Wuhan) ,  Wuhan 430074 ,  China)

Abstract: The rapid lowering of dam water levels may lead to changes in seepage within the dam due to high pore water pressure inside the dam body, thereby affecting the stability of the dam. The dissipation of pore water pressure is largely influenced by the dam construction method. Through large-scale indoor model tests, this study investigates the changes in pore water pressure, total earth pressure, and slope displacement evolution under rapid water level drawdown for hydraulic fill and compacted fill dams. The results show that under rapid water level drawdown, the stability of hydraulic fill dams is better than that of compacted fill dams. During the water level rise stage, after pore water pressure equilibrium, the pore water pressure in compacted fill dams is higher than in hydraulic fill dams. During rapid water level drawdown, the dissipation of pore water pressure in hydraulic fill dams is slower than in compacted fill dams, and changes in pore water pressure dominate the changes in total earth pressure. The pressure difference formed between the inside and outside of the dam due to changes in the seepage boundary is the main factor leading to dam instability. The dissipation rate of pore water pressure is the key reason for the difference in deformation between hydraulic fill and compacted fill dams. The findings provide a reference for dam management under rapid water level drawdown conditions.

Keywords :  rapid drawdown of water level;  dam project;  model test;  pore water pressure;  stability

 

*基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目  (51779155) 。

作者简介：莫永杰  (1986—) ,  男，本科，工程师，研究方向：岩土工程。

通信作者：徐啸川  (1988—)  男 ，博士，讲师，研究方向：地质灾害防治研究。 

收稿日期：2023- 07- 12