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       曹其嘉1 ,  穆   驰1 ,  陈   勇2 ,  韦    钊1

 

(1 .  陕西能源职业技术学院 煤炭与化工产业学院 ，咸阳 712000;  2.  中国矿业大学 矿业工程学院 ，徐州 221116)

摘   要 ：针对坚硬顶板沿空留巷充填体易出现鼓包 、失稳等问题 ， 以凌志达煤矿 15209 工作面为工程背景， 采用数值模拟和充填体加固力学模型理论计算方法 ，分析留巷充填体稳定性和变形特征 ，提出了爆破预裂坚硬  顶板条件下充填体 “框架＋预应力对拉锚杆 ” 复合加固结构。结果表明： 在坚硬顶板回转动载影响下 ，充填体  内部出现贯穿充填体倾斜方向裂隙 ，存在剪切和拉伸两种破坏形式 ，在采空区侧顶部和留巷侧底部出现明显的  外鼓 ，完整性遭到破坏 ，极易发生失稳 ；加固构件在充填体两侧施加预应力 ，侧向约束由自 由面状态转变为受  力约束面状态 ，其刚度和强度提高 ，剪切和拉伸破坏塑性区范围分别减小 76% 和43% ,  外侧无鼓包 、内部大裂  隙明显减少 ，能够充分利用充填体自身稳性 ，减小充填体的滑动和相对位移。工程实践中 ，充填体横向和纵向  变形量分别为 170 和 200 mm ,  保持较高的峰后强度 ，承载效果较好 ，可为相关工程提供参考。

关键词：爆破预裂 ；坚硬顶板 ；充填体 ；承载加固

中图分类号：TD353           文献标志码：A     

       

文章编号： 1005- 8249  (2025)  03- 0101- 06 

DOI:10. 19860/j.cnki.issn1005 - 8249.2025 .03 .019

 

         

CAO Qijia¹，Mu Chi¹，CHEN Yong²，Wei Zhao

（1.College of Coal and Chemical Industry , Shaanxi Energy Institute, Xianyang 712000, China; 2, School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China）

Abstract：Aiming at the problems of bulge and instability of filling body in gob side entry retaining with hard roof, taking 15209 working face of lingzhida coal mine as the engineering background, the stability and deformation characteristics of filling body in gob side entry retaining were analyzed by using numerical simulation and theoretical calculation method of filling body reinforcement mechanical model, and the composite reinforcement structure of "frame and prestressed split bolt" of filling body under the condition of blasting and presplitting hard roof was proposed. The research results show that: under the influence of rotating dynamic load of hard roof, cracks penetrating the inclined direction of the filling body appear in the filling body, and there are two failure forms of shear and tension. Obvious bulge appears at the top of goaf side and the bottom of retained roadway side, and the integrity is damaged, which is very prone to instability; The reinforcement component applies prestress on both sides of the filling body, and the lateral constraint changes from the free surface state to the stress constraint surface state. Its stiffness and strength are improved, and the range of shear and tensile failure plastic zone is reduced by 76% and 43% respectively. There is no bulge on the outside and the internal large crack is significantly reduced, which can make full use of the stability of the filling body and reduce the sliding and relative displacement of the filling body. In engineering practice, the lateral and longitudinal deformation of the filling body are 170 mm and 200 mm respectively, maintaining high post peak strength and good bearing effect, which can provide reference for related projects..

Keywords: blasting presplitting; hard roof;backfill body; bearing reinforcement

基金项目： 国家自然科学基金面上项目资助  (52174135) ;  陕西省教育厅一般专项科研计划项目资助  (23JK0378 ;  23JK0380) ;  陕 西省教育厅服务地方专项产业化培育项目资助  (23JC024) 。

作者简介： 曹其嘉  (1990—) ,  男 ，硕士 ，讲师 ，研究方向：煤矿巷道围岩控制。 收稿日期：2024 - 12 - 22