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任    敏

 

( 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 , 杭州   311122)

摘  要: 为提升寒冷地区装配式建筑的节能效果 , 以辽宁省某居民区工程为背景 , 针对其外墙保温性能开展优化研究 。通过对比粉煤灰保温板与未保温墙体的热工性能 , 明确该材料在装配式混凝土结构中的保温效果与应用价值。试验选取密度≤300 kg/m3 、导热系数≤0. 065 W/ (m ·K) 的粉煤灰保温板 , 在尺寸为 3. 0 m× 2. 5 m 的试验墙体上布置测点 , 采用三维温度检测与传热系数测试设备 , 在室内 20℃ 、室外-5℃ 的稳态温差条件下 , 对墙体温度分布及传热特性进行实测分析 。结果表明 : 粉煤灰保温板实测密度为 285. 6± 3. 2 kg/m3 , 其内部梯度孔隙结构与微米级闭孔形成多重热阻 ; 粘贴保温板后 , 外墙温度分布均匀 , 最高可达 19. 3 ℃ , 传热系数均低于0. 300 W/ (m2 ·K) , 较未保温墙体显著降低 。结论证明 , 粉煤灰保温板兼具轻质与良好保温性能 , 能有效减少热量损失 , 适用于寒冷地区装配式建筑的外墙保温体系 , 对提升建筑能效与室内热稳定性具有实用意义。

关键词: 寒冷地区 ; 预制结构 ; 装配式建筑 ; 工程施工 ; 粉煤灰 ; 外墙保温

中图分类号: TU761. 12      文献标志码: A      文章编号: 1005-8249 (2026) 05-0120-05

DOI:10. 19860/j. cnki. issn1005-8249. 2026. 05. 018

 

REN Min

(Powerchina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China)

Abstract : In order to improve the energy-saving effect of prefabricated buildings in cold regions, this article takes a residential area project in Liaoning Province as the background and conducts optimization research on its external wall insulation performance. The research aims to compare the thermal performance of fly ash insulation board and uninsulated wall, and clarify the insulation effect and application value of this material in prefabricated concrete structures.  The experiment selected fly ash insulation boards with a density of ≤ 300 kg/m 3 and a thermal conductivity of ≤ 0. 065 W/ (m · K). Measurement points were arranged on a test wall with a size of 3. 0 m × 2. 5 m. Three dimensional temperature detection and heat transfer coefficient testing equipment were used to measure and analyze the temperature distribution and heat transfer characteristics of the wall under steady-state temperature difference conditions of 20 ℃ indoors and -5 ℃ outdoors.  The results show that the measured density of fly ash insulation board is 285. 6 ± 3. 2 kg/m 3 , and its internal gradient pore structure forms multiple thermal resistances with micro scale closed pores; After pasting the insulation board, the temperature distribution on the exterior wall is uniform, with a maximum of 19. 3 ℃ , and the heat transfer coefficient is lower than 0. 300 W/ (m 2  · K) , which is significantly lower than that of the uninsulated wall.  The conclusion shows that fly ash insulation board has both lightweight and good insulation performance, which can effectively reduce heat loss and is suitable for the external wall insulation system of prefabricated buildings in cold regions.  It has practical significance for improving building energy efficiency and indoor thermal stability.

Key words: cold regions; prefabricated structure; prefabricated buildings; engineering construction; fly ash; external wall in- sulation

作者简介 : 任  敏 (1981—) , 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 研究方向 : 建筑设计及其理论。

收高日期 : 2025-03-13